Journal of Aeronautical Engineering

Journal of Aeronautical Engineering

Frequency analysis and investigation of flow arrangement on two infinite wings with simple and sinusoidal leading-edges

Document Type : Original Article

Authors
Mohammad Hassan Djavareshkian 1
Hossein JABBARI 2
Ali Esmaeili 2
1 Mech. Engg. Dept. Ferdowsi university of mashhad
2 Mech. Engg. Dept. Faculty of Engg. Ferdowsi University of Mashhad
10.22034/joae.2020.138174
Abstract
In this research, a different view of the study of the pattern and behavior of turbulent flow on the two full-span wings of baseline and sinusoidal leading-edge with periodic boundary condition by a numerical method is introduced. In this simulation, the Navier-Stokes equations are discretized by the finite volume method and solved using the improved turbulence model (IDDES). In other words, in the current study, to enhance the maneuverability of a fix-winged MAV, a passive flow control method was employed, which was inspired by the buoyancy fin of a special species of whale called a humpback. In order to study the performance of this type of infinite wing, the Reynolds number was considered equal to 140000. The results show extensive variations between these two types of full-span wings. The sinusoidal leading-edge full-span wing, in contrast to the baseline infinite wing, has severe fluctuations in pressure distribution and flow pattern at the pre-stall region. These variations are caused by the dominance of lateral flows over longitudinal flows on this type of infinite wing. Therefore, researching the patterns and analysis of vortices formed on this type of aerofoil as well as the associated frequencies is always a useful tool for understanding physics of flow on them, which will provide designers with a new perspective on flying objects.
Keywords
"Sinusoidal leading edge"
" Passive flow control"
" Aerodynamic performance"
" Critical Reynolds"
" Frequency analysis"
[1]. F. E. Fish and J. M. Battle, "Hydrodynamic design of the humpback whale flipper," Journal of Morphology, vol. 225, no. 1, pp. 51-60, 1995.
[2]. S. Aftab, N. Razak, A. M. Rafie, and K. Ahmad, "Mimicking the humpback whale: An aerodynamic perspective," Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 84, pp. 48-69, 2016.
[3]. F. E. Fish, "Performance constraints on the maneuverability of flexible and rigid biological systems," in International Symposium on Unmanned Untethered Submersible Technology, 1999, pp. 394-406: University of New Hampshire-Marine Systems.
[4]. F. E. Fish, P. W. Weber, M. M. Murray, and L. E. Howle, "The tubercles on humpback whales' flippers: application of bio-inspired technology," ed: Oxford University Press, 2011.
[5]. F. Fish and G. V. Lauder, "Passive and active flow control by swimming fishes and mammals," Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., vol. 38, pp. 193-224, 2006.
[6]. M. D. Bolzon, R. M. Kelso, and M. Arjomandi, "Tubercles and their applications," Journal of aerospace engineering, vol. 29, no. 1, p. 04015013, 2016.
[7]. P. Watts and F. E. Fish, "The influence of passive, leading edge tubercles on wing performance," in Proc 12th Internat Symp Unmanned Untethered Submersible Tech. Durham, NH: Autonomous Undersea Systems Institute, 2001.
[8]. I. H. Abbott and A. E. Von Doenhoff, Theory of wing sections: including a summary of airfoil data. Courier Corporation, 2012.
[9]. D. Miklosovic, M. Murray, L. Howle, and F. Fish, "Leading-edge tubercles delay stall on humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) flippers," Physics of fluids, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. L39-L42, 2004.
[10]. D. S. Miklosovic, M. M. Murray, and L. E. Howle, "Experimental evaluation of sinusoidal leading edges," Journal of aircraft, vol. 44, no. 4, pp. 1404-1408, 2007.
[11]. D. Serson, J. R. Meneghini, and S. J. Sherwin, "Direct numerical simulations of the flow around wings with spanwise waviness," Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 826, pp. 714-731, 2017.
[12]. A. Esmaeili, H. Delgado, and J. Sousa, "Numerical simulations of low-Reynolds-number flow past finite wings with leading-edge protuberances," Journal of Aircraft, vol. 55, no. 1, pp. 226-238, 2018.
[13]. J. Melo De Sousa and J. Camara, "Numerical study on the use of a sinusoidal leading edge for passive stall control at low Reynolds number," in 51st AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting including the New Horizons Forum and Aerospace Exposition, 2013, p. 62.
[14]. J. Sousa and L. Silva, "Transition prediction in infinite swept wings using Navier–Stokes computations and linear stability theory," Computers & structures, vol. 82, no. 17-19, pp. 1551-1560, 2004.
[15]. P. R. Spalart and C. Streett, "Young-person's guide to detached-eddy simulation grids," 2001.
[16]. R. B. Langtry, F. Menter, S. Likki, Y. Suzen, P. Huang, and S. Völker, "A correlation-based transition model using local variables—Part II: Test cases and industrial applications," 2006.
[17]. F. R. Menter, R. B. Langtry, S. Likki, Y. Suzen, P. Huang, and S. Völker, "A correlation-based transition model using local variables—part I: model formulation," 2006.
[18]. M. Zhao, M. Zhang, and J. Xu, "Flow physics behind the effects of leading-edge protuberances on the airfoil aerodynamic performance [J]," in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2018, vol. 1037, no. 2, pp. 22-35.
[19]. J. Pereira and J. Sousa, "Finite volume calculations of self-sustained oscillations in a grooved channel," Journal of Computational Physics, vol. 106, no. 1, pp. 19-29, 1993.
[20]. C. Cai, Z. Zuo, S. Liu, and Y. Wu, "Numerical investigations of hydrodynamic performance of hydrofoils with leading-edge protuberances," Advances in Mechanical Engineering, vol. 7, no. 7, p. 1687814015592088, 2015.
[21]. C. Cai et al., "Periodic and aperiodic flow patterns around an airfoil with leading-edge protuberances," Physics of Fluids, vol. 29, no. 11, p. 115110, 2017.
[22]. M. Zhang, G. Wang, and J. Xu, "Experimental study of flow separation control on a low-Re airfoil using leading-edge protuberance method," Experiments in fluids, vol. 55, no. 4, p. 1710, 2014.
[23]. Y. Kamada, T. Maeda, J. Murata, and Y. Nishida, "Visualization of the flow field and aerodynamic force on a Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine in turbulent inflows," Energy, vol. 111, pp. 57-67, 2016.
[24]. A. Dovgal, V. Kozlov, and A. Michalke, "Laminar boundary layer separation: instability and associated phenomena," Progress in Aerospace Sciences, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 61-94, 1994.
[25]. J. M. Lin and L. L. Pauley, "Low-Reynolds-number separation on an airfoil," AIAA journal, vol. 34, no. 8, pp. 1570-1577, 1996.
[26]. Z. Yang, F. Haan, H. Hu, and H. Ma, "An experimental investigation on the flow separation on a low-Reynolds-number airfoil," in 45th AIAA aerospace sciences meeting and exhibit, 2007, p. 275.
[27]. M.-R. Pendar, E. Esmaeilifar, and E. Roohi, "LES study of unsteady cavitation characteristics of a 3-D hydrofoil with wavy leading edge," International Journal of Multiphase Flow, vol. 132, p. 103415, 2020.
[28]. N. Rostamzadeh, R. Kelso, B. Dally, and K. Hansen, "The effect of undulating leading-edge modifications on NACA 0021 airfoil characteristics," Physics of fluids, vol. 25, no. 11, p. 117101, 2013.
Journal of Aeronautical Engineering
Volume 22, Issue 2
December 2020
Pages 227-239

  • Receive Date 02 September 2021
  • Revise Date 03 October 2021
  • Accept Date 03 October 2021